Ôn tập Tiếng Anh 8 (Global success) - Unit 9: Natural disasters - Năm học 2023-2024

Nội dung tài liệu: Ôn tập Tiếng Anh 8 (Global success) - Unit 9: Natural disasters - Năm học 2023-2024

1. UNIT 9. NATURAL DISASTERS A. VOCABULARY Part of No. Word Pronunciation Meaning speech 1 accommodation n /əˌkɒməˈdeɪʃn/ chỗ ở 2 affect v /əˈfekt/ ảnh hưởng 3 bury v /'berɪ/ chơn vùi 4 climate change n /ˈklaɪmət tʃeɪndʒ/ sự thay đổi khí hậu 5 destroy v /dɪˈstrɔɪ/ phá hủy destruction n /dɪˈstrʌkʃn/ sự phá hủy destructive adj /dɪˈstrʌktɪv/ mang tính phá hủy 6 debris n /ˈdebriː/ đống đổ nát 7 drought n /draʊt/ hạn hán 8 equipment n /ɪˈkwɪpmənt/ thiết bị 9 evacuate v /ɪˈvỉkjueɪt/ sơ tán evacuation n /ɪˌvỉkjuˈeɪʃn/ sự sơ tán 10 emergency n /ɪˈmɜːdʒənsɪ/ trường hợp khẩn cấp 11 flood n /flʌd/ lũ lụt 12 forest fire n / ˌfɒrɪst ˈfaɪər/ cháy rừng 13 global warming n /ˌɡləʊbl ˈwɔːmɪŋ/ sự ấm lên tồn cầu 14 hurricane n /ˈhʌrɪkən/ bão đổ bộ vào Bắc Mỹ typhoon n /taɪ'fu:n/ bão đổ bộ vào châu Á cyclone n /ˈsaɪkləʊn/ bão (Ấn Độ Dương, Đ.T Dương) tropical storm n / ˈtrɒpɪkl stɔːrm / bão nhiệt đới tidal waves n /ˈtaɪdl weɪv/ sĩng thần tsunami n /tsuːˈnɑːmi/ sĩng thần tornado n /tɔːrˈneɪdəʊ/ lốc xốy 15 hit = strike v /hɪt/, /straɪk/ tấn cơng, đổ bộ
2. 16 helpless adj /' helpləs/ vơ ích, vơ dụng helpful adj /'helpfl/ cĩ ích 17 homeless adj /ˈhəʊmləs/ vơ gia cư 18 injure v /ˈɪndʒər/ làm bị thương injury n /ˈɪndʒəri/ chấn thương 19 lava n /ˈlɑːvə/ dung nham 20 manage v /ˈmỉnɪdʒ/ nỗ lực làm gì 21 locate v /ləʊˈkeɪt/ đặt ở vị trí, tọa lạc location n /ləʊˈkeɪʃn/ địa điểm 22 mudslide n /ˈmʌdslaɪd/ sạt lở 23 medication n /ˌmedɪˈkeɪʃn/ thuốc men 24 property n /ˈprɒpətɪ/ tài sản 25 put out v /pʊt aʊt/ dập tất 26 power n /ˈpaʊər/ sức mạnh powerful adj /ˈpaʊərfl/ mạnh mẽ, dữ dội 27 relief n /rɪ'li:f/ sự cứu trợ 28 rescue n, v /'reskju:/ cứu hộ 29 risk n /rɪsk/ mối hiểm họa, nguy cơ 30 severe adj /sɪ'vɪər/ khốc liệt, = extensive adj = /ɪk'stensɪv/ dữ dội 31 supply n /sə'plaɪ/ Sự cung cấp 32 shelter n /ˈʃeltər/ chỗ trú ẩn 33 set up v /'set ʌp/ dựng 34 suffer v /'sʌfər/ hứng chịu, chịu ảnh hưởng 35 technology n /tekˈnɒlədʒi/ cơng nghệ 36 temporary adj /'temprəri/ tạm thời permanent adj /ˈpɜːmənənt/ lâu dài 37 trap v /trỉp/ mắc kẹt 38 tremendous /trə'mendəs/ adj to lớn = huge /hju:dʒ/
3. 39 volcanic eruption n /vɒlˈkỉnɪk ɪˈrʌpʃn/ sự phun trào núi lừa 40 victim n /'vɪktɪm/ nạn nhân 41 wreak = havoc v /ri:k//'hỉvək/ tàn phá 42 warn v /wɔːrn/ cảnh báo warning n /ˈwɔːrnɪŋ/ lời cảnh báo B. STRESS Stress in words ending in -al and -ous Rule Example -al Từ được thêm hậu tố -al (tính từ chỉ tính chất, thuộc về, dạng environ'ment thức) sẽ khơng thay đổi vị trí trọng âm so với từ gốc. environ’mental -ous Từ cĩ 2 âm tiết kết thúc bằng -ous được nhấn trọng âm vào âm ‘advent tiết thứ 1. ad’venturous C. GRAMMAR 1. Past simple: Review Forms (Cấu trúc) TO BE (Động từ be) VERBS (Động từ thường) (+) S + was/were + danh từ/tính từ/giới từ. (+) S +V-ed/P1. (-) S + was/were + not + danh từ/tính từ/giới từ. (-) S + didn’t + V. (?) Was/Were+ S + danh từ/tính từ/giới từ? (?) Did+ S + V? (+) Yes, S + was/were. (+) Yes, S + did. (-) No, S + was/were + not. (-) No, S + didn’t. Use (Cách dùng) Diễn tả hành động xảy ra và chấm dứt ở một I went to school yesterday. thời điểm xác định trong quá khứ. Diễn tả một chuỗi hành động xảy ra liên tục She went home, took a shower had dinner and trong quá khứ. went to bed. Diễn tả một thĩi quen trong quá khứ (đã từng I used to dance. làm, bây giờ khơng làm nữa), thường đi với cấu trúc: S + used to + V.
4. Nhấn mạnh trong câu khẳng định: S + did+ V. I did eat that cake. Add -ed to the verbs (Quy tắc thêm đuơi-ed vào sau động từ) Từ kết thúc bằng đuơi e hoặc ee thêm -d. prepare prepared Động từ kết thúc bằng nguyên âm (u,e,o,a,i) + y thêm -ed. play played Động từ kết thúc bằng phụ âm + y đổi y thành -ied. study studied Động từ 1 âm tiết kết thúc bằng phụ âm + nguyên âm + phụ âm (trừ plan planned h,w,x,y,z) nhân đơi phụ âm cuối + ed. Động từ cĩ nhiều hơn 1 âm tiết, âm tiết cuối cùng kết thúc bằng phụ prefer preferred âm + nguyên âm + phụ âm và là âm tiết nhận trọng âm gấp đơi phụ âm cuối + ed. Cịn lại ed kick kicked Ngồi ra, 1 số động từ bất quy tắc khơng thêm đuơi ed mà biến đổi have had thành P1. Spelling rules (Quy tắc phát âm đuơi ed) - Xét 1 hoặc 2 chữ cái trước chữ -ed ở cuối động từ. /id/: t, d E.g. wanted /id/ /t/: p, k, sh, ch, gh, th, ss, c, x E.g. watched /t/ /D/: cịn lại (l, n, r, g, v, s, w, y, z) E.g. played /d/ Notes: Các tính từ sau phát âm đuơi /id/ blessed, aged, crooked, dogged, naked, learned, ragged, wicked, wretched, sacred Time expressions (Dấu hiệu trạng ngữ thời gian)  Yesterday (hơm qua)  Last + thời gian (last week, last month, last Monday)  Thời gian + ago (two days ago)  In + năm quá khứ (in 1990)  In the past (trong quá khứ)  When + S + V-ed/P1 2. Past continuous Forms (Cấu trúc) (+) S + was/were + V-ing (+) She was crying.
5. (-) S + was/were + not + V-ing (-) She wasn’t cooking. (?) Was/Were + s + V-ing? (?) Was she crying? (+) Yes, S + was/were. (+) Yes, she was. (-) No, S + wasn’t/weren’t (-) No, she wasn’t. (W-h) W-H + was/were + S + V-ing? (?) What was she doing? Use (Cách dùng) Hành động đang diễn ra vào thời điểm cụ thể She was cooking at 7 p.m. yesterday. trong quá khứ. Hành động đang xảy ra (quá khứ tiếp diễn) thì When I was studying, my friend came over. hành động khác (quá khứ đơn) xen vào. Hai hành động xảy ra song song. Lưu ý: nếu While my mom was cooking, my dad was hành động nào được diễn tả qua động từ cảm watching TV. giác thì chỉ chia quá khứ đơn cho động từ cảm When I was going home, I saw some people on giác đĩ. the field. Diễn tả xu hướng trong quá khứ. It was getting hot. Thĩi quen xấu gây khĩ chịu cho người khác He was always snoring. trong quá khứ. Add -ing to the verbs (Quy tắc thêm đuơi -ing vào sau động từ) Từ kết thúc bằng đuơi e -> bỏ “e”, thêm -ing E.g. make making Động từ kết thúc bằng ee thêm -ing E.g. see seeing Động từ kết thúc bằng ie đổi ie thành y, thêm E.g. lie lying -ing Động từ 1 âm tiết kết thúc bằng 1 nguyên âm (u, E.g. put putting e, o, a, i) và 1 phụ âm (trừ h, w, x, y, z) nhân đơi phụ âm cuối, thêm -ing. Động từ cĩ từ hai âm tiết trở lên, ta chỉ nhân đơi E.g. per’mit permitting phụ âm khi trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết cuối cùng. pre’fer preferring Động từ cĩ từ hai âm tiết trở lên, trọng âm rơi E.g. ‘open opening vào âm tiết thứ nhất thêm -ing ‘enter entering Cịn lại thêm -ing E.g. sing singing
6. Time expressions (Dấu hiệu trạng ngữ thời gian) At + giờ / At this time + trạng từ quá khứ. When/While Constantly, at that time, in those days, all morning, for hours, always. *Luu ý; Một số động từ CẢM GIÁC khơng dùng với thì tiếp diễn: like, dislike, hate, love, want, prefer, admire, believe, understand, remember, forget, know, belong, have, taste, smell, be nhưng nếu mang nghĩa chỉ hoạt động thì được chia ở thì tiếp diễn. D. PRACTICE A. PHONETICS I. Fill in the blanks with “ous” or “al” and mark the stress in the words. 1. danger___ 2. person___ 3. poison___ 4. tropic___ 5. marvell___ 6. season___ 7. seri___ 8. nation___ 9. mountain___ 10. natur___ 11. previ___ 12. music___ 13. gener___ 14. region___ 15. vari___ 16. physic___ 17. curi___ 18. cultur___ 19. practic___ 20. infam___ II. Chose the word that has different stress pattern. 1. A. rural B. local C. canal D. final 2. A. obvious B. humorous C. numerous D. enormous 3. A. typical B. survival C. annual D. animal 4. A. glorious B. hazardous C. disastrous D. populous 5. A. arrival B. capital C. chemical D. medical B. VOCABULARY I. Match the disasters with the descriptions 1. tsunami a. a sudden, violent shaking of the earth’s surface 2. earthquake b. a mountain with a large opening at the top through which gases and hot liquid rock are forced out into the air 3. drought c. a mass of snow, ice and rock that falls down the side of a mountain 4. typhoon d. a large amount of soil or mud sliding down a mountain 5. flood e. an extremely large wave caused by a violent movement of the earth under the sea
7. 6. tornado f. a strong, dangerous wind that forms itself into an upside-down spinning cone and is able to destroy buildings as it moves across the ground 7. landslide g. a long period of time when there is little or no rain 8. volcanic h. a large amount of water covering an area that is usually dry eruption 9. wildfire i. a very big fire that spreads quickly and burns natural areas like woods, forests and grassland 10. avalanche j. a violent tropical storm with very strong winds Answer: 1- 2- 3- 4- 5- 6- 7- 8- 9- 10- II. Complete the sentences with the words in the box. warning predict property damage emergency kit rescue workers victims whistle eruption violently 1. The sound of a(n) ___ will attract rescue personnel to your location. 2. An earthquake occurs when the land ___ moves or shakes. 3. A volcanic ___ is when gas and lava are released from a volcano. 4. As defined by UN, a disaster is a sudden event resulting in huge loss of life and ___. 5. A(n) ___ is a collection of basic items you may need in the event of an emergency. 6. The earthquake in Turkey on February 6th 2023 killed at least 41,000 people and caused immediate ___ estimated at $33 billion. 7. Among the ___, there were thousands of students who were killed when their dangerously built schools collapsed. 8. Early ___ system is an integrated system of hazard monitoring, forecasting and prediction. 9. Scientific and technological advances have improved the capability to ___ most natural hazards. 10. ___ may include construction workers, police officers, firefighters, and emergency medical service technicians. III. Choose the best answer to complete the sentences. 1. The forest fire ___ for twelve hours and thousands of wild animals died.
8. A. raged B. struck C. took D. put out 2. How can we know when an active volcano will ___ again? A. erupt B. destroy C. damage D. affect 3. Measured 9.5 on the Richter scale, the world’s largest ___ occurred on May 22, 1960 in southern Chile. A. mudslide B. avalanche C. flood D. earthquake 4. Despite modern technologies available to us, we’re still ___ against natural disasters. A. homeless B. harmless C. helpless D. hopeless 5. The reporter said that ten people died and thirty were ___ injured in the flood. A. completely B. greatly C. powerfully D. seriously 6. A ___ that is just a few centimetres high from the sea can rear up to heights of 30 to 50 meters as it hits the shore. A. typhoon B. tsunami C. tornado D. thunderstorm 7. Survivors of the flood were ___ by helicopter. A. collapsed B. buried C. shaken D. rescued 8. Many people are working to save species from extinction, animals from cruelty, natural ___ from destruction. A. disasters B. phenomena C. environment D. hazards 9. Most people had moved to the safe areas before the typhoon struck, so there were only a few minor ___. A. loss B. injuries C. impacts D. destruction 10. Aid agencies provided drinking water and food ___ to the isolated residents. A. guidelines B. aid C. supplies D. emergency IV. Supply the correct form of the word in the brackets. 1. As many as 111 people are dead or ___ due to the hurricane. (miss) 2. Clearing trees by burning is highly ___ of the forest environment. (destruct) 3. ___ used a special device for finding people trapped in collapsed buildings. (rescue) 4. A massive volcanic ___ could affect the climate of the whole planet. (erupt) 5. An earthquake is a sudden motion or ___ of the ground produced by the abrupt displacement of rock masses. (tremble)
9. 6. They discussed ways of increasing the chance for ___ during and after an earthquake. (survive) 7. Violent storms wreaked havoc on the village, leaving three people dead and dozens ___. (injure) 8. Different parts of the world have different ___ and environmental conditions. (climate) 9. The Indonesian volcano is erupting ___, and the lava flow is more than a kilometre. (violent) 10. The depletion of the ozone layer could have ___ consequences for life on Earth. (disaster) C. GRAMMAR I. Supply the correct form of the verbs in the past continuous. 1. I ___ (not listen) when you gave the presentation. 2. The young teenager ___ (surf) when a shark attacked her. 3. Where ___ (you, go) at 7.30 last night? 4. People appreciated what we ___ (suffer) at that time. 5. While the workers ___ (save) others, they also had to consider their own lives. 6. You didn’t know what ___ (happen) with us this time last week. 7. As Jimmy ___ (sleep) in his tent at the base camp, a loud bang woke him up. 8. What ___ (they, do) when the fire broke out? 9. While we ___ (help) the victims, the ground started to tremble again. 10. The children were making a snowman while it ___ (snow) outside. II. Supply the correct form of the verbs in the post continuous or simple post. 1. Anna called for Simpson but he ___ (hear) nothing. 2. When we ___ (arrive) at the forest, it ___ (get) dark. 3. As we ___ (clean) up the lawn, I suddenly heard a little yelp. 4. Sarah ___ (lie) in her bed listening to music when the bell(ring). 5. She ___ (go) to check who it was, but there ___ (be) no one. 6. Some kids ___ (play) in the streets making noise at that time. 7. She ___ (close) the door behind her and ___ (go) back to her room.
10. 8. What ___ (they, do) at 9pm last night? It was really noisy. 9. As they ___ (go) down a mountain ridge, a landslide ___ (happen). 10. The accident occurred while they ___ (climb) up the mountain. III. Choose the best answer to complete the sentences. 1. He ___ on an airplane when he ___ a fire from the window. A. was sitting - saw B. was sitting - was seeing C. was sitting - was seeing D. sat – saw 2. While the other passengers ___ to the exits, Brian ___ out of the window. A. ran - climbed B. run - was climbing C. ran - was climbed D. were running – climbed 3. When it ___ raining, we ___ a nice hotel down the road to the town. A. started - were finding B. was starting – found C. started - found D. was starting - were finding 4. They ___ close to the bottom of the mountain when Simpson suddenly ___. A. got - was slipping B. were getting – slipped C. were getting - was slipping D. got – slipped 5. While Steven and Rachel ___ around the Canary Islands, their boat ___. A. were sailing - sank B. sailed - was sinking C. sailed - sank D. were sailing - was sinking 6. The sun ___ when Hamilton ___ at the beach in Da Nang on a beautiful morning. A. shone - arrived B. was shining - was arriving C. was shining - arrived D. shone - was arriving 7. While some rescue teams ___ in Pakistan, others ___ to a natural disaster in Central America. A. were helping - responded B. helped – responded C. helped - were responding D. were helping - were responding 8. When we ___ out in the morning, we ___ surprised by what we ___. A. finally came - are - see B. were finally coming - were – saw
11. C. finally came - were - saw D. finally come - were - were seeing 9. It ___ and windy when the ship, carrying about 200 passengers, ___ a rock. A. was snowing - was hitting B. was snowing – hit C. snowed - was hitting D. snowed – hit 10. The sirens of the emergency services ___ while people ___ up the mess in their gardens. A. were wailing - were clearing B. wailed – cleared C. were wailing - cleared D. wailed - were clearing IV. Choose the underlined part that needs correcting. 1. As the flight was taking off, passengers were seeing a fire from the window. A. As B. was taking off C. were seeing D. from 2. The plane's captain realized that one of the two engines weren't working. A. The place’s B. realized C. the two D. weren’t 3. While passengers were running towards the front exits. Maria chose the exit next the wing. A. While B. were running C. chose D. next 4. Because the weather was getting worse, so the two climbers didn't stay long in the mountain. A. was getting B. so C. didn’t stay D. in 5. John fell and break his knee while he was climbing down the mountain with his friend. A. fell and break B. while C. was climbing D. with 6. Eric shouted up to John, but the wind was blown loudly and John couldn't hear him. A. shouted B. but C. was blown D. couldn’t hear 7. The rope were too heavy and it was pulling him down the mountain towards the cliff. A. were B. heavy C. was pulling D. towards 8. When Eric realized John wasn’t coming, he decided to take a risk and searching for him. A. When B. wasn’t coming C. decided D. searching 9. William was climbing a mountain alone while the storm began to strike. A. was climbing B. a C. while D. began to trike 10. Those who were not caught by the wave was running uphill to save themselves. A. Those B. were not caught C. was D. themselves
12. D. SPEAKING I. Put the expressions into the correct columns. That’s awful! Good news! Oh no! Sounds exciting! I’m sorry to hear that. Lucky you! That’s great! How terrible! What a pity! How fantastic! That’s a relief. That’s shocking! What a shame! How wonderful! That’s awesome! Negative Positive II. Rearrange the sentences to make a conversation. ___ It lasted for about an hour, and we had to stay in our storm shelter until it’s gone. ___ Yes, I have. A tornado struck my town when I was eleven. ___ I was staying with my parents, so I didn’t know how and where others were. I think they had already been in safe places because there was no human loss. _1_ Tracy! Have you ever been in a storm? ___ Yes, it was. ___ Oh, really? Were you frightened then? ___ That’s awful! How was everybody? ___ That’s a relief. How long did the storm last? ___ Yes, of course. It was very frightening when hearing the sound of the winds. Houses and trees collapsed. Leaves, objects and debris were blown up in the sky. ___ It was a hard time in your life, wasn’t it? E. READING I. Fill in each blank with a word from the box. occur nature technology rain or living disasters volcanic NATURE IS THE SOURCE OF LIFE
13. We human beings are a part of nature, and our quality of life depends on all the (1) ___ things that share this planet with US. We must take care of nature, because our well-being depends on it. (2) ___ is always moving and changing. This happens in different ways, for instance through natural phenomena that (3) ___ quite regularly, such as rain, winds, earth tremors or the natural processes of soil erosion. Earthquakes, floods, fires, (4) ___ eruptions, tropical storms, tornadoes, electric storms, landslides, droughts, plagues and other phenomena such as “El Nino" and “La Nina” are a part of nature, just like the sun and the (5) ___. These natural phenomena affect almost the entire Earth. In olden times, people used to come with legends to explain these phenomena. They would say that the volcano was angry, (6) ___ that the gods were demanding a sacrifice. Today, science, (7) ___ and history help us to understand these events instead of merely fearing them. However, such phenomena still turn into (8) ___, affecting lots of people in every corner of our planet where a culture of prevention has not yet taken root. II. Read the passage and do the tasks. A tropical cyclone is a circular air movement over the warm ocean waters in the warm part of Earth near the equator. Most tropical cyclones are storms with strong winds and heavy rains. While some tropical cyclones stay out in the sea, others pass over land. This can be dangerous because the winds and floods can break things and drown people. Tropical cyclones form when warm, moist ocean air rises. They begin as a group of storm winds when the water gets as hot as 27°c or hotter. The Coriolis effect made by the Earth’s rotation causes the winds to rotate. These storms usually move westward in the tropics, and later move north or south into the temperate zone. The term “tropical cyclone” is a general term and includes regionally specific terms such as “hurricane” and “typhoon”. A tropical cyclone that forms in the Atlantic is called a hurricane. The same is true of those that form in the eastern, central and northern Pacific. In the western Pacific a tropical cyclone is called a typhoon. In the Indian Ocean they are called “cyclones”. The name for a tropical cyclone depends on its location. A. Match the words or phrases with their definitions.
14. 1. equator a. to make something begin to exist 2. temperate zone b. an imaginary line around the earth at an equal distance from the North and South Poles 3. drown c. an area of the earth that is not near the equator or the South or North Pole 4. form d. the hottest part of the world which is around the equator 5. rotation e. movement in a circle around a fixed point 6. the tropics f. to cause to die by being unable to breathe underwater Answer: 1- 2- 3- 4- 5- 6- B. Answer the questions. 1. Is there any tropical cyclone that begins and ends in the sea? ___ 2. Is it possible for a tropical cyclone to begin at the temperature of 26°C? ___ 3. What makes the winds rotate? ___ 4. Can we say both hurricane and typhoon are tropical cyclones? ___ 5. Where is a tropical cyclone called “hurricane”? ___ 6. Where is a tropical cyclone called “typhoon”? ___ F. WRITING I. Rearrange the words to make meaningful sentences. 1. us / practical tips / This article / treating poisonous wastes / about / gave ___ 2. Were / started / your apartment / you / watching TV / the building / in / when / trembling? ___ 3. The devastating tsunami / destruction / to / near the sea / brought / cities and towns ___
15. 4. when / He / a / was / flowers / in / bright mysterious light / his garden / he / watering / saw ___ 5. among / Hurricanes and tropical storms / most / powerful natural disasters / are / the ___ 6. typhoons and hurricanes / tropical cyclones / Both I are / in / but differ / their locations ___ 7. raise / It’s / to / before / awareness about natural disasters / they / important / happen ___ 8. are / there / On average, / the world / about 6,800 natural disasters / every year / in ___ II. Complete the second sentences so that it has a similar meaning to the first one. 1. No one took care of the pets while we were in the eye of the storm. No one looked 2. The forest fire was so big that its smoke could be seen from space. It was such 3. It’s a good idea to read guidelines for evacuation carefully. You should 4. If James doesn’t bring a compass, he will get lost in the jungle. Unless James 5. How long is it since you last saw a storm? When 6. It was raining heavily but Kathy still decided to go to school. Although it 7. No other tsunami in the 20th century was as high as Lituya Bay megatsunami. Lituya Bay megatsunami was 8. Due to the heavy rains on the hills, water in the lake started to rise. As it
16. A. Pronunciation I. Choose the word that has a different stress pattern from that of the others. 1. A. general B. property C. disaster D. fabulous 2. A. yesterday B. optional C. natural D. prediction 3. A. glamorous B. eruption C. volcanic D. tornado 4. A. fabulous B. volunteer C. evening D. happening 5. A. thunderstorm B. prosperous C. important D. resident II. Practise reading the sentences below. Pay attention to the words ending in -al and -ous. 1. Our country has a tropical climate with many rainy months. 2. Areas near the sea are usually not very mountainous. 3. My uncle is a generous and sociable man. 4. Natural disasters can have effects at the regional level. 5. There are cultural differences between Viet Nam and Britain. B. Vocabulary & Grammar I. Solve the crossword puzzle below. Across: 1. a strong wind that moves in a circle 5. hot liquid rock and gas pouring out from a mountain 6. a large amount of rock and earth moving down a mountain 7. very bad weather with strong winds and rain Down: 2. a natural event that causes great damage 3. a sudden strong shaking of the ground 4. a large amount of water that covers an area II. Choose the correct answer A, B, C, or D to complete each sentence. 1. A strong earthquake caused a lot of ___ to eastern Japan last week. A. damaged B. damages C. damaging D. damage 2. Two tornadoes struck Florida on Saturday morning and ___ 30 homes.
17. A. destroy B. destroyed C. destruction D. destroying 3. We cannot prevent natural disasters, but can ___ some of them. A. damage B. destroy C. predict D. erupt 4. ___ from other states came to Oklahoma to help find the survivors. A. Scientists B. Victims C. People D. Rescue workers 5. A ___ can save you in life-threatening situations because its sound can attract people’s attention. A. whistle B. kit C. warning D. tool III. Fill in each blank with a suitable word / phrase from the box. warning emergency kit victims erupted property 1. The workshop will teach you to build a(n) ___ with the items you need to survive a natural disaster. 2. Don’t do that. You’re damaging other people’s ___. 3. They sent goods and supplies to the ___ of the flood in central Viet Nam. 4. My province has a ___ system to tell people when there is a danger of a landslide. 5. The Taal volcano south of Manila ___ on 26 March, 2022, sending plumes of ash 1,500 metres into the air. IV. Fill in each blank with the correct form of the verb in the past continuous. 1. They (have) ___ a discussion about natural disasters at 9 a.m. yesterday. 2. ___ you (talk) ___ with your classmates when the teacher came in? 3. While my mother (water) ___ the flowers in the garden, she heard a warning about the coming storm. 4. My brother (not do) ___ his homework at 8 p.m. yesterday. He (play) ___ computer games. 5. We (watch) ___ news on TV when we heard a big noise. V. Fill in each blank with the correct tense of the verb in brackets. Use the past continuous or the past simple. 1. When the earthquake (happen) ___, they (do) ___ their homework. 2. ___ you (talk) ___ to your friend on the phone at 9 p.m. yesterday? 3. While he (cook) ___ dinner, his mother (come) ___ home. 4. Dark clouds (gather) ___ and after a few minutes, the storm (break) ___.
18. 5. What they (do) ___ when you (arrive) ___ at their house? VI. Choose A, B, C, or D to Indicate the incorrect part. Then correct it. 1. When I was going to school, I was seeing an old friend. A. When B. was going C. was seeing D. friend 2. I wasn't go for a walk because it was raining. A. wasn’t B. a C. because D. was raining 3. While wo returned home, he was still working. A. While B. returned C. was D. still 4. I listened to the radio, so I didn't hear the fire alarm. A. listened B. the C. didn’t hear D. alarm 5. What was you doing when the earthquake started? A. What B. was C. when D. started C. Speaking I. Choose the most suitable response A, B, C, or D to complete each of the following exchanges. 1. A: The earthquake yesterday destroyed their house. B: ___ A. Yes, I know it. B. Yes, I don't like it. C. That’s awful. D. They should stay inside. 2. A: The teacher said that I failed the exam again. B: ___ A. I passed it. B. I’m sorry to hear that. C. Why are you so sad? D. I don't agree with you. 3. A: They lost all of their property in the storm last month. B: ___ A. What awful news! I’m sorry. B. No, I'm sorry. C. Can you speak louder? D. I think they can. 4. A: I left my new mobile phone on the bus yesterday. B: ___ A. I didn't know that. B. Can you say that again? C. I know what you mean. D. Oh, I'm sorry to hear that.
19. 5. A: Our dog got lost last weekend in our neighborhood. B: ___ A. I don't agree with you. B. Sorry, that's awful. C. I like your dog. D. I love playing with dogs. II. Nam and Mark are talking about earthquakes. Fill in each blank with a sentence (A-E) to complete their conversation. Then practise it with a friend. Nam: I’ve heard about a strong earthquake in the Philippines. A. I heard that we can't predict Mark: (1) ___ earthquakes. Is that true? Nam: It happened about 110 kilometres off Luzon Island. B. That’s awful. Where exactly did it Mark: (2) ___ happen? Nam: It was a 6.4-magnitude earthquake. C. That’s unfortunate. And I know Mark: (3) ___ that earthquakes can even cause Nam: Luckily, there was almost no damage. tsunamis. Mark: (4) ___ D. Really? Did it cause any damage? Nam: Yes, it is. We can’t tell exactly when they will happen. E. Do you know how strong it was? Mark: (5) ___ Nam: That’s correct. A really strong earthquake in the sea can. III. Work in pairs. Ask and answer about a natural disaster that happened. You can ask each other the following questions. - What kind of natural disaster was it? - Where and when did it happen? - What caused it? - What were its effects? - How did people help the victims? D. Reading I. Fill in each blank with a suitable word from the box. before control loss earthquakes causes happen answer difficult
20. When violent events happen outside the (1) ___of humans, they are called natural disasters. Natural forces are the (2) ___of these events. There are many kinds of natural disasters, and they can result in (3) ___of life, injury, and damage to property. So, can we predict natural disasters? The (4) ___is a definite ‘yes’ for some kinds of natural disasters. Scientists understand the factors that lead to storms, tornadoes, and floods. However, it is much more (5) ___to predict earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. Some volcanos may leak gases or pour out lava (6) ___erupting, but others do not give any warnings at all. It is also difficult to predict (7) ___although scientists are aware of the regions where earthquakes are most likely to (8) ___. II. Choose the correct answer A, B, C, or D to fill in each blank in the following passage. Tornadoes A tornado is a kind of storm which looks (1) ___a huge funnel. Tornados are the strongest winds on earth. They can (2) ___480km per hour. With such great strength, a tornado causes a lot of damage. It can (3) ___trees, flatten buildings, and throw heavy things such as cars hundreds of metres. It is especially dangerous (4) ___ people in cars or mobile homes. Tornadoes (5) ___ in their duration and the distance they travel. Most (6) ___ less than ten minutes and travel five to ten kilometres. Some special tornadoes can last several hours and travel up to more than 150km! Tornadoes can occur almost